il giardino recintato (e incantato) del Tao

دیوان اشعار

Hakim Sanai - Hakim Abul-Majd Majdūd ibn Ādam Sanā'ī Ghaznavi (حکیم ابوالمجد مجدود ‌بن آدم سنایی غزنوی‎), vissuto a Ghazna, nell'odierno Afganistan, tra l'XI e il XII secolo, scomparso intorno al 1131, è riconosciuto come uno tra i maggiori poeti Sufi, la tradizione di ricerca mistica-spirituale sviluppatasi all'interno dell'ortodossia dell'Islam. Tra i suoi scritti The Hadiqat al Haqiqa, Hadiquatu'l Haqiquat, Hadiqat al-Haqiqa wa Shari'at al-Tariqa, in breve Al Hadiqa, è tra i più conosciuti per la sua traduzione in inglese del 1974, e riconosciuto come il suo capolavoro. Ai suoi scritti si ispirarono successivamente altri mistici sufi, in particolare Attar - Farīd al-Dīn ʿAttār - nel XII-XIII secolo e Rumi - Jalāl al-Dīn Rūmī - nel XIII secolo. Insieme sono considerati i tre più grandi Maestri della tradizione Sufi.
La storia narra che Sanai accompagnò come poeta di corte il Sultano di Ghazna,  Ghaznavid Bahram-shah, in una spedizione militare in India, dove incontrò il mistico Sufi Lai-Khur. Il titolo di "Giardino recintato della Verità" proviene da un doppio significato in persiano: il termine "Giardino recintato" è lo stesso per Paradiso, ma è anche in un giardino recintato che Lai-Khur insegnò a Sanai le verità verso il percorso della Saggezza.

Analogamente ad altri testi medio ed estremo-orientali di diverse tradizioni, Al Hadiqa espone - sotto forma di testo poetico - le caratteristiche fondamentali di un'esperienza sacra: la separazione tra il divino e la mente, la scomparsa del Sé come condizione necessaria per la comparsa della Verità, il superamento della Dualità verso l'Unità. 

  The walled Garden of Truth

We tried reasoning

our way to Him:

it did not work;

but the moment we gave up,

no obstacle remained.

He introduced himself to us

out of kindness: how else

could we have known him?

Reason took us as far as the door;

but it was his presence that let us in.

 

But how will you ever know him,

as long as you are unable

to know yourself?

 

Once one is one,

no more, no less:

error begins with duality;

unity knows no error.

 

The road your self must journey on

lies in polishing the heart.

It is not by rebellion and discord

that the heart's mirror is polished free

of the rust of hypocrisy and unbelief:

your mirror is polished by your certitude -

by the unalloyed purity of your faith.

 

Break free

from your chains you have forged about yourself;

for you will be free when you are free of clay.

The body is dark - the heart is shining bright;

the body is mere compost - the heart a blooming garden.

He doesn't know his own self:

how should he know the self of another?

He knows only his hands and feet,

how should he know about God?

This is beyond the sage's grasp:

you must be a fool

if you think that you know it.

When you can expound on this,

you will know the pure essence of faith;

till then,

what have faith and you in common?

It is better to be silent

then to talk nonsense

like one of the learned;

faith is not woven

into every garment.

 

You were made for work:

a robe of honor awaits you.

How is it that you are satisfied

with mere rags?

How will you ever have riches

if you are idle sixty days a month?

 

Knowing what you know,

be serene also, like the mountain;

and do not be distressed by misfortune.

Knowledge without serenity is an unlit candle;

together they are honey-comb;

honey without wax is a noble thing;

wax without honey is only fit for burning.

 

Leave this abode

of birth and decay;

leave this pit,

and make for your destined home.

This heap of dust is mirage,

where fire seems like water.

The pure man unites

two in one;

the lover unites

three in one.

 

But I am frightened

lest your ignorance and stupidity

leave you stranded on the bridge.

 

He is the provider

of both faith and worldly goods;

he is none other

than the disposer of our lives.

 

He is no tyrant:

for everything he takes,

he gives back seventy-fold;

and if he closes one door

he opens ten others for you.

 

He treasures you more

than you do yourself.

Rise, have done with fairy tales;

leave your base passions,

and come to me.

 

You have to realize

that it is his guidance

that keeps you on the path

and not your own strength

A Ruby there is just a piece of stone:

and spiritual excellence the height of folly.

Silence is praise - have done with speech;

your chatter will only bring you harm and sorrow -

have done!

 

Belief and unbelief

both have their origin

in your hypocryte's heart;

the way is long only

because you delay to start on it;

one single step

would bring you to him:

become a slave,

and you will become a king.

 

The dumb find tongues,

when the scent of life reaches them

from his soul

 

Listen truly - and don't be fooled -

this is not for fools:

all these different shades

become one color

in the jar of unity;

the rope becomes slender

when reduced to a single strand.

 

Your intellect is just hotchpotch

of guesswork and thought,

limping over the face of the earth;

wherever they are, he is not;

they are contained within his creation.

Man and his reason are just the latest

ripening plants in his garden.

Whatever you assert about his nature

you are bound to be out of your depth,

like a blind man trying to describe

the appearance of his mother.

While reason is still tracking down the secret,

you end your quest on the open field of love.

 

The path consists in neither words nor deeds:

only desolation can come from these,

and never any lasting edifice.

Sweetness and life are the words

of the man who threads this path in silence;

when he speaks it is not from ignorance,

and when he is silent it is not from sloth.

For the wise man

evil and good

are both exceeding good.

No evil ever comes from God;

whenever you think to see

evil proceeding from him,

you were better to look on it

as good.

I'm afraid that on the way of faith,

you are like a squinter seeing double,

or a fool quarreling with the shape of a camel.

If he gives you poison, deem it honey;

and if he shows you anger, deem it mercy.

 

Be contented with your lot;

but if you have any complaints,

go and take them to the Cadi,

and obtain satisfaction from him.

That's how the fool's mind works!

 

Whatever befalls you, misfortune or fortune,

is unalloyed blessing;

the attendant evil

a fleeing shadow.

 

'Good' and 'evil' have no meaning

in the world of the Word:

they are names, coined

in the world of 'me' and 'you'.

 

Your life is just morsel in his mouth;

his feast is both wedding and a wake.

Why should darkness grieve the heart?

- for night is pregnant with new day.

 

You say you've unrolled the carpet of time,

step then beyond life itself and reason,

till you arrive at God's command.

 

You cannot see anything, being blind by night,

and by day one-eyed with your foolish wisdom!

My friend, everything existing

exists through him;

your own existence is a mere pretense.

No more nonsense! Lose yourself,

and the hell of your heart becomes a heaven.

Lose yourself, and anything can be accomplished.

Your selfishness is an untrained colt.

 

You are what you are:

hence your loves and hates;

you are what you are:

hence faith and unbelief.

 

Hope and fear drive fortune from your door;

lose yourself, and they will be no more.

 

At his door, what is the difference

between Moslem and Christian,

virtuous and guilty?

At his door all are seekers

and he the sought.

 

God is without cause:

why are you looking for causes?

The sun of truth rises unbidden,

and with it sets the moon of learning.

 

In this halt of just a week,

to be is not to be,

and to come is to go.

 

And does the sun exist

for the cock to crow at?

What is it to him

whether you are there or not?

Many have come, just like you,

to his door.

 

You won't find your way

in this street; if there is a way,

it is on your road of sighs.

All of you are far

from the road of devotion:

sometimes you are virtuous,

sometimes you are wicked:

so you hope for yourselves, fear for yourselves;

but when your mask of wisdom and folly

at last turns white, you will see

that hope and fear are one.

If you know your own worth,

what need you care about

the acceptance or rejection of others?

 

Worship him as if you could see him with your physical eyes;

though you don't see him,

he sees you.

 

Whilst in this land

of fruitless pursuits,

you are always unbalanced, always

either all back or all front;

but once the seeking soul has progressed

just a few paces beyond this state,

love seizes the reins.

 

The coming of death

is the key which unlocks

the unknown domain;

but for death, the door of true faith

would remain unopened,

 

If you yourself

are upside down in reality,

then your wisdom and faith

are bound to be topsy-turvy.

 

Stop weaving a net about yourself:

burst like a lion from the cage.

 

Melt yourself down in his search:

venture your life and your soul

in the path of sincerity;

strive to pass from nothingness to being,

and make yourself drunk with the wine of God.

From Him forgiveness comes so fast,

it reaches us before repentance

has even taken shape on our lips.

 

He is your shepherd,

and you prefer the wolf;

he invites you to him,

and yet you stay unfed;

he gives you his protection,

yet you are sound asleep:

Oh, well done,

you senseless upstart fool!

 

He heals our nature from within,

kinder to us than we ourselves are.

A mother does not love her child

with half the love that he bestows.

 

You have broken faith,

yet still he keeps his faith with you:

he is truer to you

than you are to yourself,

 

He created your mental powers;

yet his knowledge is innocent

of the passage of thought.

He knows what is in your heart;

or he made your heart along with your clay;

but if you think that he knows

in the same way that you do,

then you are stuck like a donkey

in your own mud.

 

In His presence,silence is the gift of tongues.

 

He knows the touch

of an ant's foot

moving in darkness

over a rock.

He always knows

what is in men's minds:

you would do well

to reflect on this.

Love's conqueror is he

whom love conquers.

 

Apply yourself, hand and foot,

to the search;

but when you reach the sea,

stop talking of the stream.

 

When he admits you to his presence

ask from him nothing other than himself,

When he has chosen you for a friend,

you have seen that there is to see.

There's no duality in the world of love

what's all this talk of 'you' and 'me'?

How can you fill a cup that's full already?

 

Bring all of yourself to his door:

bring only a part

and you've brought nothing at all.

 

It's your own self defining faith and unbelief:

inevitably it colors your perception.

Eternity knows nothing

of belief or unbelief;

for a pure nature

there is no such thing.

 

And if, my friend, you ask me the way

I'll tell you plainly, it is this:

to turn your face towards the world of life,

and turn your back on rank and reputation;

and, spurning outward prosperity, to bend

your back double in his service;

to part company with those who deal in words,

and take your place in the presence of the worldless.

 

The way is not far

from you to a friend:you yourself are that way:

so set out along it.

 

You who know nothing of the life

that comes from the juice of the grape,

how long will you remain intoxicated

by the outward form of the grape?

Why do you lie that you are drunk?

 

How can you go forward?

There is no place to go;

how will you leap?

You have no foot.

Not one knows how far it is

from nothingness to God.

As long as you cling to your self

you will wander right and left,

day and night, for thousands of years;

and when, after all that effort,

you finally open your eyes,

you will see your self, through inherent defects,

wandering around itself like the ox on the mill;

but, if, once freed from your self,

you finally get down to work,

this door will open to you within two minutes.

 

God will not be yours,

as long as you cling to soul and life:

you cannot have both this and that.

Bruise your self for months and years on end;

leave it for dead, and when you have done with it,

you will have reached eternal life.

 

Remain unmoved by hope and fear.

To non-existence mosque and church are one;

to a shadow, heaven and hell likewise.

For someone whose guide is love,

belief and disbelief are equally a veil,

concealing the doorway of the friend;

his very being is a veil

which hides God's essence.

 

Until you throw your sword way,

you'll not become a shield

untill you lay your crown aside,

you'll not be fit to lead.

 

The death oif soul

is the destruction of life;

buth death of life

is the soul's salvation.

 

Never stand still on the path

become non-existent.

Non-existent even to the notion

of becoming non-existent.

And when you have abandoned both

individuality and understanding,

the world will become that.

 

When the eye is pure

it sees purity.

 

Unself yourself...

until you see your self as a speck of dust

you cannot possibly reach that place;

self could never breathe that air,

so wend your way there without self